Study on Steganography using DNA

Abstract

Steganography is the practice of hiding data in plain text or other types of media. It is crucial to protect or make it safe sensitive information from unauthorized access or tampering. Traditional digital storage methods have issues with capacity, security, and traceability. In contrast, DNA-based steganography uses the large storage capacity and complexity of nucleotide sequences. This paper examines the encoding and decoding schemes, security models, synthesis processes, and storage methods of DNA steganography. It also explores trends in encryption patterns, data hiding techniques, and system weaknesses. Conquering the issues of scalability, cost, and standardization remains in spite of tremen-dous progress in areas such as error correction, biochemical stability, and data security. This review emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary re-search integrating information theory, cryptography, and biotechnology in order to overcome the existing limitations. This paper presents future research directions to achieve secure and optimal data hiding using bio-logical sequences by analyzing the benefit and limitation of DNA-based steganography.