International Journal of Digital Technologies

Design and Development of POSIT Arithmetic-Based Digital Beamformer for Ultrasound Imaging System

2023-08-06T10:41:05+00:00

Medical ultrasound scanners are among the most advanced signal-processing machines that are presently being used for individual purposes. Over several decades, the operation of ultrasound for medical opinion has been continuously evolving and perfecting. Medical ultrasound, which is also known as individual sonography or ultrasonography, is a safe and effective system of testing. The beamformer is a critical element of ultrasound scanners, serving as the” brain” that is responsible for the directional transmission and event of the ultrasound signal. Beamforming is a signal processing fashion used in ultrasound imaging to steer and concentrate a ray of sound swells. The project aims to develop a POSIT arithmetic-based digital beamformer for ultrasound imaging systems. The existing ultrasound digital beamformer implementation on hardware is based on either fixed-point arithmetic or IEEE-754 floating-point arithmetic. For fixed-point arithmetic even though the hardware footprint is less it has a problem in achieving a higher dynamic range and in the case of IEEE floating point arithmetic the dynamic range is high but the hardware footprint is larger and more complex. To overcome these drawbacks, it aims to develop a POSIT arithmetic-based digital beamformer for ultrasound imaging systems that have less hardware footprint than and almost the same dynamic range as that of floating-point arithmetic.

Design and comparative analysis of low power, area efficient optimized 10T Hybrid full adder for high performance Arithmetic and Logic Unit

2023-08-06T09:49:20+00:00

In this time of rapid invention and utilisation of battery-operated products, battery life is a significant problem. Because the traditional Full Adder(FA) uses more energy, we used low power FA circuitry in this study and examined how it functions in lieu of the traditional Full Adder circuitry. The presented design of FA consumes low power, requires lesser no. of transistors and is area efficient compared to existing design.

Evaluating Android Malware Detection System Against Obfuscation and Stealth Techniques

2023-08-06T08:25:18+00:00

Malicious apps targeting the Android OS have grown significantly as a result of its popularity. To stay ahead of malware creators, malware detection systems need to be evaluated against detection evading techniques. Malware authors now frequently use obfuscation and other stealth techniques, to construct malicious applications that can avoid being detected by malware detection systems. When confronted with the same malware samples that have been obfuscated, a highly successful detection system for identifying unobfuscated malware samples might lose its efficiency. Thus, it becomes important to analyze the malware detection systems against obfuscation and other stealth techniques. In this paper, we evaluate CENDroid – an Android malware detection system that uses static analysis and combines clustering and ensemble methods to develop a classifier, against various techniques of evading malware at feature-level as well as classifier-level. Experimental results show that the features used in CENDroid - API tags and permissions, displayed strong robustness against code obfuscation and app hiding techniques. A comparison of obfuscation resilience of API tags and permissions features with code graphs and Androguard is also presented. At the classifier-level, CENDroid could detect all the malware in four test sets created by using obfuscation and app hiding techniques. Thus, CENDroid, being syntax-based, is immune to semantic-level changes that preserve the syntax of the app. This study can also be used as a framework to evaluate any Android malware detection system against obfuscation and stealth techniques, gaining insights into its strengths and weaknesses and informing potential improvements to enhance its effectiveness.

The Empowering Agriculture: IoT Based keyad controlled Solar Powered Smart Green House

2023-08-07T11:36:32+00:00

IoT-based smart greenhouse powered by solar energy, encompassing advanced functionalities such as a solar tracker system, battery monitoring, temperature and humidity control, automated window and exhaust triggers, soil moisture regulation using drip irrigation technology, water level indicators, light control using UV light based on LDR systems for enhanced photosynthesis, data transmission to mobile devices for remote monitoring and control, a 4x4 keypad for manual temperature control, and an OLED display for user-friendly value visualization.

Solar workstation in high altitude remote areas using solar blinds

2023-07-19T11:11:42+00:00

Our solar workstation will not only lower your power bills but also provide active shading to reduce air conditioning usage by the solar blinds and use work out on any operational works, thereby reducing your carbon footprint. Solar workstation in high altitude remote areas using solar blinds is the first workstation in high altitude remote areas in the Himalayas that generates electricity from sunlight while keeping your apartments, buildings, and work station cool in summer. The key elements In the Himalayas, photovoltaic energy production and shading are combined to have a positive economic benefit. The best option is a solar workstation, which you can plug in to charge any connected devices or execute any urgent operating tasks using solar energy.

YumnamBrajarani (YuBraj) Twill: A family of generalized twill weaves

2023-10-22T07:49:21+00:00

Proposed here is a new family of twill weaves entitled YuBraj-Twill weaves which encompasses the existing twill weaves as well. YuBraj twill weaves are generated from three parameters ups, downs and shift unlike normal or existing twill weaves which are generated from the first two parameters only, i.e., ups and downs. For a given pair of ups and downs, which are positive integers denoting the number of ups and downs in a warp repeat, we can get only one twill weave. However, by using the shift value as a third parameter in YuBraj-Twill weave, we can generate many different weaves for a given pair of ups and down at different shift values. The shift parameter is used to circularly shift the successive columns or rows by the specified shift value to generate different weave patterns. When the shift value is 1, the generated YuBraj-Twill weave becomes a normal twill weave. When the shift value is any positive integer greater than 1, we get new different weave patterns. In other words, the proposed twill weave can be considered as more generalized twill weave. For a given combination or pair of ups and downs, it can generate significantly many different weaves patterns as compared to the possible number of normal twill weave patterns. It has been established that YuBraj-Twill weaves can generate 16(M-1)2 weave patterns whereas only 2(M-1) weave patterns can be generated in normal twill weaves where M is sum of ups and downs in a weave repeat. So, YuBraj-Twill weaves will enable weavers to produce many new fabric designs to enhance their product quality and demand.