International Journal of Digital Technologies

Design and Analysis of MOS only Active Inductor Circuit and its 2nd Order Band Pass Filter application

Lalit Kumar Dabi, Mansi Jhamb, Dileep Dwivedi — Thu, 05 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper presents active inductor circuit designed with only MOS. The circuit have four MOS transistors only and no additional biasing current sources. The proposed design of active inductor offers small chip area, tunability and low power consumption of 172 µW. To analyse the performance of active inductor, a 2^nd order band pass filter structure is demonstrated with low noise as 7.16 nV/√Hz. Contrary to the latest State of Art, the proposed design of Active Inductor is an all MOS inductor with no passive components and current sources incorporated in the device. Cadence Virtuoso is used to simulate proposed active inductor and filter using a 90nm CMOS technology.

Advancements in Tandem Solar Cells: Achieving Higher Efficiency for Sustainable Energy Generation

Sumit Chowdhury — Thu, 05 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Tandem solar cells have emerged as a promising technology for significantly enhancing the efficiency of photovoltaic devices beyond the limits of traditional single-junction cells. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tandem solar cell research aimed at achieving higher efficiency for sustainable energy generation. Beginning with an overview of the fundamental principles underlying tandem solar cell operation, the paper discusses key strategies and innovations employed to optimize device performance. This includes advancements in materials engineering, device architectures, and fabrication techniques tailored to exploit the complementary absorption properties of multiple absorber layers. Furthermore, the paper explores the synergistic effects of integrating novel materials such as perovskites and quantum dots into tandem configurations, highlighting their potential to further boost efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs. Moreover, challenges related to stability, scalability, and commercialization are addressed, alongside potential solutions and future research directions. By elucidating the latest progress and prospects in tandem solar cell technology, this paper aims to provide insights that contribute to the development of efficient and sustainable photovoltaic systems for widespread deployment in renewable energy applications.

Electricity Price Forecasting Model Based on Single Design Parameter Neural Network for Indian Energy Exchange

Anbazhagan S., Bhuvaneswari Ramachandran — Thu, 05 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The accuracy of electricity price forecasting is important to control and optimize the vertically unbundled electricity market power generation. In this research, based on the theories of the generalized regression neural network (GRNN), a new approach is proposed to predict the electricity prices with a single design parameter. In this paper, partial autocorrelation is applied on times series data to get correct input values. The data for historical prices are obtained from the energy exchange of India. The presented model is compared with other recent electricity price forecasting methods including artificial neural network (ANN), ANN-ANN-particle swarm optimization (PSO), Wavelet-based ANN, and Wavelet-based ANN-ANN-PSO. The results show that GRNN behaves best in determining accurate forecasts than other forecasting approaches, for instance, ANN, ANN-ANN-PSO, Wavelet-based ANN, Wavelet-based ANN-ANN-PSO, and Wavelet-based ANN-PSO (random initialization). The procedure is direct, and forecasting using this approach improves forecast precision. Subsequently, the proposed GRNN model can be used for an accurate forecast of market clearing price in any energy exchange.

A Precise review of XAI and a roadmap of XAI for education

Karuna Wangkhem — Sat, 21 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

From Artificial Intelligence as a subject belonging to Computer Science, the advancement has reached to a point where AI is a disciplinary branch currently. From simple soft computing algorithms to machine learning algorithms, smaller artificial neural network to deep learning, AI has been explored extensively. At this point, the black-box nature of the technology is started to be seen as a little crevice left behind against reaching its utmost potential. So, the concept of explainable AI arises where XAI gives a route or an explanation that can be decrypted in human understandable form. Since some few years there is a big rise in the research towards XAI as it has a promising potential towards providing transparent, accountable, unbiased, authentic and ethically aligned result. In this paper, the taxonomies, current state and trends, applications areas, opportunities and limitations of XAI are discussed from papers from 2020. A special roadmap of XAI in the education field is drawn out in the later section of the paper.